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The 100: A Ranking Of The Most Influential Persons In History Paperback – June 1, 2000

4.7 out of 5 stars 574 ratings

In 1978, when Michael Hart’s controversial book The 100 was first published, critics objected that Hart had the nerve not only to select who he thought were the most influential people in history, but also to rank them according to their importance. Needless to say, the critics were wrong, and to date more than 60,000 copies of the book have been sold. Hart believed that in the intervening years the influence of some of his original selections had grown or lessened and that new names loomed large on the world stage. Thus, the publications of this revised and updated edition of The 100.

As before, Hart's yardstick is influence: not the greatest people, but the most influential, the people who swayed the destinies of millions of human beings, determined the rise and fall of civilizations, changed the course of history. With incisive biographies, Hart describes their careers and contributions. Explaining his ratings, he presents a new perspective on history, gathering together the vital facts about the world's greatest religious and political leaders, inventors, writers, philosophers, explorers, artists, and innovators—from Asoka to Zoroaster. Most of the biographies are accompanied by photographs or sketches. Hart's selections may be surprising to some. Neither Jesus nor Marx, but Muhammad, is designated as the most influential person in human history. The writer's arguments may challenge and perhaps convince readers, but whether or not they agree with him, his manner of ranking is both informative and entertaining.
The 100, revised and updated, is truly a monumental work. It promises to be just as controversial, just as thought-provoking, and just as successful as its predecessor—a perfect addition to any history or philosophy reference section.
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About the Author

Michael H. Hart is an American author and astrophysicist. His first and most famous book, The 100: A Ranking of the Most Influential Persons in History, was published in 1978 and has sold more than half a million copies in 15 languages.

Product details

  • ASIN ‏ : ‎ 0806513500
  • Publisher ‏ : ‎ Citadel; Revised edition (June 1, 2000)
  • Language ‏ : ‎ English
  • Paperback ‏ : ‎ 556 pages
  • ISBN-10 ‏ : ‎ 9780806513508
  • ISBN-13 ‏ : ‎ 978-0806513508
  • Item Weight ‏ : ‎ 2.31 pounds
  • Dimensions ‏ : ‎ 6.9 x 1.8 x 10 inches
  • Customer Reviews:
    4.7 out of 5 stars 574 ratings

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Customer reviews

4.7 out of 5 stars
574 global ratings

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Customers say

Customers find the book to be a superb way to learn history, providing good information about historical figures. They appreciate its language, with one customer noting it covers all fields of human endeavor. The book features many short biographies, with one customer describing them as 100 perfectly sized snippets.

AI-generated from the text of customer reviews

33 customers mention "Information quality"33 positive0 negative

Customers find the book provides good information and serves as a superb way to learn history, with one customer describing it as an amazing overview of world history.

"...I knew nothing about the invention of paper. The most interesting part of the book for me was the discussion about Shakespeare...." Read more

"...Also note that the book ranks the most influential people in history, not the greatest, not the noblest, not the most outstanding people, and not..." Read more

"...Hart has an amazing overview of world history, and his perspective is often different from the norm, or certainly from what is presented in textbooks..." Read more

"...to get acquinted with lesser knowned but still highly important people in the history of mankind...." Read more

6 customers mention "Language"6 positive0 negative

Customers appreciate the book's language, with one noting it serves as a great source of cultural literacy, while another mentions it covers all fields of human endeavor.

"...Shakespeare was a play write that was influential on the English language...." Read more

"This book is a wonderful compendium of people who were the the greatest influences on our world...." Read more

"...The 'thing' about this book is the collective group of people and the perspective Hart presents...." Read more

"...It deals with people and events that one might never encounter in school or the press, but which are, nevertheless, vital to understanding..." Read more

5 customers mention "Biography content"5 positive0 negative

Customers appreciate the biography content of the book, which includes many short biographies, with one customer noting that each chapter is perfectly sized at 100 words.

"I often give this book as a gift. There are 100 perfectly sized snippets describing 100 historical figures...." Read more

"...The book is entirely evaluative. It consists of very short chapters, each about one of these hundred figures...." Read more

"...And so, the book is in fact a collection of short bios of the author's list of the most influencial persons in history...." Read more

"A totally enjoyable read. Mr. Hart includes many interesting details in each biography, and in doing so, makes them come alive...." Read more

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Top reviews from the United States

  • Reviewed in the United States on December 29, 2017
    I often give this book as a gift. There are 100 perfectly sized snippets describing 100 historical figures. It's a great way to get an overview of all of recorded history for almost anyone. I don't know anyone so well-versed in history that they would get nothing out of this book.

    I'm a physicist (like Hart), but I had never fully appreciated the importance of Euclid until I read this book. I knew nothing about the invention of paper. The most interesting part of the book for me was the discussion about Shakespeare. I had no idea the question about who wrote Shakespeare was legitimate; I had always thought it was just childish nonsense. Hart convinced me otherwise.

    (This paragraph is a little bit of an aside about Hart's take on the Shakespeare issue.) After reading Hart's description of Edward de Vere as the likely Shakespeare, I read a couple of books arguing for the traditional authorship attribution and was shocked that the mainstream had no coherent argument to support their claim that the authorship question is nonsense. For essentially no reason other than upholding tradition, mainstream scholars simply ignore the very real possibility that Shakspere of Stratford was not Shakespeare. The man born William Shakspere was a wealthy businessman who left two demonstrably illiterate daughters five houses and zero books; Shakspere apparently wrote no letters and apparently had difficulty writing his name; he may have been illiterate himself. The documentary record might be misleading of course but the mainstream's claim that there is nothing to discuss is wildly irrational. I agree with Hart that de Vere, though not proven, is a more likely candidate than an apparently illiterate businessman with a similar name (see the hardthinking blog for 9000 words about this). However, it should be noted here that Shakspere had a number of investments in the London theater scene in addition to his real estate holdings in the country and, though he was not referred to as a writer by anyone who knew him during his lifetime, posthumous evidence clearly identifies him as the author. So the mainstream are not necessarily wrong; they're just stubbornly clinging to the idea that there is no way the posthumous identification could have been purposely designed to shield the identity of the actual author, whoever he was.

    Aside from Shakespeare, the choices and ordering Hart made are of course highly debatable. I note that the one-star reviews all basically say, "If I wrote this book, I would do it differently." Well of course any thinking person is going to have her or his own opinion about who was influential and what the order should be.

    Hart makes his criteria clear and you should *expect* to disagree with him on many points and to disagree with other readers as well. I'd put Euclid at number one for example and I'd probably include at least one person responsible for making women in general more powerful and influential in the world as this particular shift in human relations, although moving at what seems to us a glacial pace, may ultimately be as important for humanity as the development of language. I mean we're talking about half of all humans. Gertrude Elion (not on Hart's list) alone may have saved millions of people with her discoveries in biochemistry and her career was almost crushed by sexism. Of course, Hart would argue that the overwhelming importance of the emergence of a new social structure is something that is still in process and so forth.

    The bottom line is Hart's choices are perfectly reasonable whether you agree with them or not. If one think of his books as the beginning of a conversation as opposed to the end of a conversation, then it is perhaps easier to enjoy it. Making one's own list is of course the obvious next step. Happy reading.

    This is one of the books I reread most frequently. I know the above sounds like a shameless plug: I don't know Hart, I just love his book. To the author: Thanks!
    9 people found this helpful
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  • Reviewed in the United States on March 23, 2007
    This book is a very interesting collection of biographies of highly influential people throughout history. Since influence is not a well defined entity and is difficult to measure, the actual rank or inclusion of a person on the list should not be taken seriously. The author clearly states that the book is "his ranking", and not objective science. However, I find his list and the motivations for his ranking quite enlightening and often convincing.

    This list contained a few people I had never heard of, but clearly were a lot more influential then many of the people I thought were the most influential. Take, for example, "Ts'ai Lun" the inventor of paper (China 105 AD), who is ranked number 7. Largely because of the existence of paper China was able to develop into a powerful and united empire, and when paper reached Europe it had a profound influence on Western Civilization as well. Would there even be a modern Western Civilization without Ts'ai Lun?

    Because of paper we don't need to use clay tablets, sheep skin, papyrus, or bamboo to write. Printing presses and the mass production of books and newspapers has been made possible because of paper. We also have paper money, toilet paper, and paper products thanks to Ts'ai Lun. Clearly fame and influence are two very different things. Keep this in mind before disagreeing with Hart too quickly.

    Also note that the book ranks the most influential people in history, not the greatest, not the noblest, not the most outstanding people, and not the most important people in history. The grand father who spends several hours each day to help raise your child, educate him, and spends his money on him, clearly has a large influence on you and your family, but so does the drunk driver who kills your child. It is quite easy to have a negative influence on people, but negative influences are considered in this book. So this is why people like Hitler, Stalin, Mao, and Genghis Khan, are on the list.

    36 of the 100 persons in the list are scientists and inventors. Some think this is too many, I think this is rather too few. Because of technology and science the world has been transformed from a planet with abundant misery and death to a planet with just some misery and death. It used to be that more than half of all kids died, the average life span was 30, and almost everyone was dirt poor and ignorant. Today the average lifespan in the third world is 67, infant mortality is way down, starvation relatively less wide spread, and analphabetism is no longer the norm. Just in case someone has missed it, the reason for the population explosion is that people stopped dying like flies.

    Many have complained that the rank of Shakespeare is too low. Edward de Vere (William Shakespeare) is number 31 and Edward Jenner is number 70. Edward Jenner invented the smallpox vaccine. Smallpox killed more than 300 million people in the 20th century (which is roughly 7-8% of all deaths in the 20th century). Since 1979 no one has died from small pox because vaccination has eradicated it. Shakespeare was a play write that was influential on the English language. I had never read or heard much about Shakespeare until I moved to the U.S. (I am not a native English speaker). It seems to me that the two Edwards should switch rank. In any case Shakespeare's position on the list is not that bad. Whomever you would like to see on this list, everyone has their viewpoint. My list will not look like yours, or Harts, but Harts list is quite enlightening.

    What makes this a good book is the fact that it makes you think about who the influential people really were and why. It is also a good book to teach children about history and the people who influenced it. It is also a fun biography collection.
    14 people found this helpful
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  • Reviewed in the United States on July 18, 2006
    The 100 has been a life-changing book for me. It has "unlocked" history for me - allowed me to relate to it and retain information - like no other book I've read.

    The book is entirely evaluative. It consists of very short chapters, each about one of these hundred figures. Each chapter discusses the person's life, and why Hart has ranked him or her as more or less important than the others. The criteria he seems to use are:

    * How greatly did this person influence the world, especially our everyday lives?

    * Would progress have happened without this person? When or how would it have been likely to happen without this person's accomplishment?

    * Did this person do it alone, or with the help of others?

    Hart has an amazing overview of world history, and his perspective is often different from the norm, or certainly from what is presented in textbooks. Each person I read about, I've read about elsewhere; but Hart consistently pulls together the information in a way that makes it finally make sense to me. He dispels many common myths about world history along the way.

    I wish Michael Hart would write another book about his second 100 most influential people!!
    19 people found this helpful
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Top reviews from other countries

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  • Eduardo Gonzalez Ramirez
    1.0 out of 5 stars (Everything is badly edited for Kindle)Edición terriblemente mal realizada
    Reviewed in Mexico on July 10, 2023
    Esta edición para Kindle es un verdadero desastre, no se editó correctamente el texto y se combinó con imágenes del libro totalmente desacomodadas como si fuera una versión en PDF, el texto por tanto está totalmente desordenado, totalmente ilegible, las palabras separadas por imágenes inconexas y separadas en partes en distintas hojas. Terrible producto , es la primera vez que me sucede en un producto en Kindle, estoy muy enojado ya que es una estafa y una burla total contra los clientes de Amazon.

    This Kindle edition is a real disaster, the text was not edited correctly and it was combined with totally misplaced images of the book as if it were a PDF version, the text is therefore totally messed up, totally unreadable, the words separated by unconnected images and separated into parts on different sheets. Terrible product, it's the first time it's happened to me on a product on Kindle, I'm very angry as it's a scam and a total mockery against Amazon customers.
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  • Asif Abbasi
    5.0 out of 5 stars amazing book
    Reviewed in the United Kingdom on October 26, 2020
    must read and amazing to read about people who made difference to the world , so great of learning as well as evolutions over time from most influential personalities.
  • Claudia Neumeyer
    5.0 out of 5 stars Der beste Mensch steht verdient in diesem Buch an Nummer 1
    Reviewed in Germany on September 21, 2015
    Der beste Mensch steht verdient in diesem Buch an Nummer 1
    Ich stimme zwar nicht mit allem überein da man nicht alle vergleichen kann jedoch gibt es keinen Zweifel an der Nummer 1
  • Matrix
    5.0 out of 5 stars Un livre à avoir
    Reviewed in France on October 17, 2013
    c'est le livre le plus objectif qu'il soit en la matière, qui classe par ordre d'influence les 100 personnalités les plus influentes à travers l'histoire.
    c'est rare de voir un auteur aussi objectif, qui a réussi à éliminer toutes les subjectivités partisanes,religieuses,patriotes...
    la lecture de ce livre est aussi une occasion de rafraîchir un peu la mémoire avec l'histoire.
    Dommage qu'il soit seulement en Anglais.
    Un livre à lire...
  • Mohamed
    5.0 out of 5 stars Satisfied
    Reviewed in Canada on January 13, 2022
    I'm satisfied